linguistics deals with
describing many languages and issues
such as the influence of language on the behavior of the community that uses it.
Anthropological Linguistics & Cognitive Psychology
Anthropological linguistics adopts a more holistic and humanistic approach than cognitive psychology
There are universal, innate features that
form the fundamental structure of all
John
Oysters were eaten by John
when expressed progressively
John is kissing Mary
John is eating oysters
Preceding sentences affect the meaning of
sentence that follows them in various ways.
Extra linguistic factor influences
the way language is interpreted.
Ex) can you pass the salt?
→ simple question (x), request (o)
Time flies like an arrow; fruit flies like a banana. Oettinger (1966)
컴퓨터가 자연적인 언어(natural language)를 처리하도록 하는 데에 있어서의 어려움에 대한 초기의 연구에서, Anthony Oettinger는 우리가 예상되는 구조(expected structure)에 기반하여 어떻게 문장을 번역하는지, 그리고 우리가 번역하며 오류를 범했을 때,
(1973) 4 Stages of Second Language Development
1. Random Error(Presystematic): Vaguely aware that there is systematic order. Stage of experimentation and inaccurate guessing
2. Emergent: In consistency in linguistic production. Begin to internalize certain rules. ‘U-shaped learning’. Unable to correct errors when they are pointed out. Avoidance of structures and topics.
최근의 연구
미국의 다양한 지역에 정착한 집단에 대해 지리적, 인종적 특성을 기준으로 한 조사가 강조되고 있음
주목할 만한 특성: 미국 내 거주하고 있는 정착민들이 또 다른 지역에서 온 정착민들과의 계속되는 혼합의 과정에 있다는 점
흥미로운 점은 이러한 미국 내의 상황에서 언어의 통일성
2.1. Argument Structure
※ Argument : The various NPs that occur with a verb
※ Verbs differ in terms of the number and types of NPs they can take as complements.
1) Intransitive verbs : The subject
2) Transitive verbs : The subject + direct object
3) Ditransitive verbs : The subject + direct object + indirect object
- have “transfer direct object to indirect object” in their mea
CONTEMPORARY TOPICS 1
UNIT 1. PSYCHOLOGY : Happiness
Good morning, everybody. Today I want to get started with the main topic of this course; Happiness. First, I want to talk about how psychologists like myself measure happiness. Then we'll look at some common characteristics of happy people. And finally, we'll look at whether or not we can change our level of happiness, in other words
feature or features define the class, as in the example. The phone [x] is a voiceless velar fricative.
a) i u [+high]
e o
a
[-back] [+back]
================================
[+DR]
B ) p ts k
dg [-voice]
f
2-3. The Subject Matters of the Seventh Curriculum.
Comprehensive subject matters are added to the curriculum to promote autonomy, creativity, and variety of making materials. The general principle of selecting subject matter is that subject matters should
① take the interests, needs motivation and proficiency level of students into account.
② reflect topics, situations and tasks.
Linguistics와 Philology의 두 가지 명칭으로 부르는데 전자는 영어를 대상으로 하는 순수한 연구를 말하고, 후자는 Linguistics와 동일한 의미로 쓰이기도 하지만 그밖에 text에 관한 연구나 문헌 배후의 문화에 대한 연구까지도 여기에 포함된다. 특히 미국학계나 영국의 젊은 학자들은 English Linguistics를 영어학